The Command Window
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Defining Variables
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Useful Commands
Command
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Description
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Example (try these out)
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who |
Lists variables currently defined in MATLAB.
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a = 5; b = 6; c = linspace(0,50,10);
who
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whos |
Similar to who, but gives additional information.
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a = 5; b = 6; c = linspace(0,50,10);
whos
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clear |
Clear all variables defined.
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a = 5; b = 6; c = linspace(0,50,10);
clear; % clears all variables
who; % displays nothing - no variables defined.
a=2; b=5; c=a+b;
clear a b; % only clears a and b. c is still here.
who; % tells us that c is defined.
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clc |
Clears the MATLAB workspace. Doesn't clear variables |
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save |
saves variables to a file that can be loaded later.
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clear;
a=5; b=6; c=a+b*2;
save myVariables; % saves all variables to the file "myVariables.mat"
save bcVars b c; % saves b and c only to "bcVars.mat"
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load |
loads variables from a file
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clear;
a=5; b=6; c=a+b*2;
save myVariables;
save bcVars b c;
clear;
load bcVars; % b and c are now defined.
who;
clear;
load myVariables; % a b and c are all defined.
who;
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help |
provides help on how to use a command
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help clear;
help load;
help save;
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Basic Operations
MATLAB supports basic operations
Basic Operators
Operator
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Description
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Examples
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+ |
Addition
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1 + 2 % displays 3
b = 1+2; % assigns 3 to the variable b.
a = cos(pi)+2.0; % a=1
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- |
Subtraction
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1 - 2 % displays -1
b = 1-2; % assigns -1 to the variable b.
a = sqrt(-4*b)+2.0; % a=4
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* |
Multiplication
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2.2*3.3 % displays 6.6
a = 2.2*3.3; % assigns 6.6 to a.
b = (pi/4); % assigns sqrt(2)/2 to b.
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/ |
Division
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6.6/2.2 % dispays 3.3
a = 6.6/2.2; % assigns 3.3 to a.
b = sqrt(a/pi)*exp(a);
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^ |
Power
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2^3 % displays 8
a = 2^3 + 243^0.2; % assigns 11 to a.
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( ) |
Parentheses
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a = (2+5)*3; % assigns 21 to a
b = 2+5*3; % assigns 17 to b
c = 2*(a-10); % assigns 22 to c
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NOTE: if you are using arrays, then the / and * operators have different behavior! See the page on array arithmetic for more information.
In addition, MATLAB has many built-in functions. Type help elfun at the MATLAB command prompt for a list. Some commonly used functions are given here:
Function
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Description
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cos |
The cosine function
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sin |
The sine function
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tan |
The tangent function
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sqrt |
The square-root,
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exp |
The exponential function
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log10 |
The base-10 log function,
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log |
The natural log function,
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abs |
The absolute value,
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M-Files
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An M-file is a series of MATLAB commands that you save in a file. Then you can re-run them easily and make changes without re-entering everything again. Anything that can be done in the command window can also be done from an m-file.
MATLAB's Path
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